diff --git a/src/addon/java/lua/addon/luajava/CoerceLuaToJava.java b/src/addon/java/lua/addon/luajava/CoerceLuaToJava.java
index 17a00e34..9552b32e 100644
--- a/src/addon/java/lua/addon/luajava/CoerceLuaToJava.java
+++ b/src/addon/java/lua/addon/luajava/CoerceLuaToJava.java
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package lua.addon.luajava;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
 
-import lua.StackState;
+import lua.CallFrame;
 import lua.addon.luajava.LuaJava.LInstance;
 import lua.value.LBoolean;
 import lua.value.LDouble;
@@ -105,11 +105,11 @@ public class CoerceLuaToJava {
 		return v;
 	}
 
-	static Object[] coerceArgs(StackState state, int base, int nargs, Class[] parameterTypes) {
+	static Object[] coerceArgs(CallFrame call, int base, int nargs, Class[] parameterTypes) {
 		int n = parameterTypes.length;
 		Object[] args = new Object[n];
 		for ( int i=0; i<n && i<nargs; i++ )
-			args[i] = coerceArg( state.stack[base+i], parameterTypes[i] );
+			args[i] = coerceArg( call.stack[base+i], parameterTypes[i] );
 		return args;
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/addon/java/lua/addon/luajava/LuaJava.java b/src/addon/java/lua/addon/luajava/LuaJava.java
index b29e7c11..f9b42872 100644
--- a/src/addon/java/lua/addon/luajava/LuaJava.java
+++ b/src/addon/java/lua/addon/luajava/LuaJava.java
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 
+import lua.CallFrame;
 import lua.GlobalState;
-import lua.StackState;
 import lua.value.LFunction;
 import lua.value.LString;
 import lua.value.LTable;
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ public final class LuaJava extends LFunction {
 	public static void install() {
 		LTable luajava = new LTable();
 		for ( int i=0; i<NAMES.length; i++ )
-			luajava.m_hash.put( new LString( NAMES[i] ), new LuaJava(i) );
-		GlobalState.getGlobalsTable().m_hash.put( new LString( "luajava" ), luajava );
+			luajava.put( NAMES[i], new LuaJava(i) );
+		GlobalState.getGlobalsTable().put( "luajava", luajava );
 	}
 
 	private static final int NEWINSTANCE  = 0;
@@ -48,21 +48,21 @@ public final class LuaJava extends LFunction {
 	}
 	
 	// perform a lua call
-	public void luaStackCall(StackState state, int base, int top, int nresults) {
+	public void luaStackCall(CallFrame call, int base, int top, int nresults) {
 		String className;
 		switch ( id ) {
 		case BINDCLASS:
-			className = state.stack[base+1].luaAsString();
+			className = call.stack[base+1].luaAsString();
 			try {
 				Class clazz = Class.forName(className);
-				state.stack[base] = new LInstance( clazz, clazz );
-				state.top = base+1;
+				call.stack[base] = new LInstance( clazz, clazz );
+				call.top = base+1;
 			} catch (Exception e) {
 				throw new RuntimeException(e);
 			}
 			break;
 		case NEWINSTANCE:
-			className = state.stack[base+1].luaAsString();
+			className = call.stack[base+1].luaAsString();
 			try {
 				Class clazz = Class.forName(className);
 				Constructor[] cons = clazz.getConstructors();
@@ -70,21 +70,21 @@ public final class LuaJava extends LFunction {
 				Class[] paramTypes = con.getParameterTypes();
 				int paramsBase = base + 2;
 				int nargs = top - paramsBase;
-				int score = CoerceLuaToJava.scoreParamTypes( state.stack, paramsBase, nargs, paramTypes );
+				int score = CoerceLuaToJava.scoreParamTypes( call.stack, paramsBase, nargs, paramTypes );
 				for ( int i=1; i<cons.length; i++ ) {
 					Constructor c = cons[i];
 					Class[] p = c.getParameterTypes();
-					int s = CoerceLuaToJava.scoreParamTypes( state.stack, paramsBase, nargs, p );
+					int s = CoerceLuaToJava.scoreParamTypes( call.stack, paramsBase, nargs, p );
 					if ( s < score ) {
 						con = c;
 						paramTypes = p;
 						score = s;
 					}
 				}
-				Object[] args = CoerceLuaToJava.coerceArgs( state, paramsBase, nargs, paramTypes );
+				Object[] args = CoerceLuaToJava.coerceArgs( call, paramsBase, nargs, paramTypes );
 				Object o = con.newInstance( args );
-				state.stack[base] = new LInstance( o, clazz );
-				state.top = base+1;
+				call.stack[base] = new LInstance( o, clazz );
+				call.top = base+1;
 			} catch (Exception e) {
 				throw new RuntimeException(e);
 			}
@@ -93,10 +93,10 @@ public final class LuaJava extends LFunction {
 			luaUnsupportedOperation();
 		}
 		if (nresults >= 0)
-			state.adjustTop(base + nresults);
+			call.adjustTop(base + nresults);
 	}
 	
-	static class LInstance extends LValue {
+	public static class LInstance extends LValue {
 		Object instance;
 		private Class clazz;
 		public LInstance(Object o, Class clazz) {
@@ -106,29 +106,29 @@ public final class LuaJava extends LFunction {
 		public String luaAsString() {
 			return instance.toString();
 		}
-		public void luaGetTable(StackState state, int base, LValue table, LValue key) {
+		public void luaGetTable(CallFrame call, int base, LValue table, LValue key) {
 			final String s = key.luaAsString();
 			try {
 				Field f = clazz.getField(s);
 				Object o = f.get(instance);
 				LValue v = CoerceJavaToLua.coerce( o );
-				state.stack[base] = v;
-				state.top = base + 1;
+				call.stack[base] = v;
+				call.top = base + 1;
 			} catch (NoSuchFieldException nsfe) {
-				state.stack[base] = new LMethod(instance,clazz,s);
-				state.top = base + 1;
+				call.stack[base] = new LMethod(instance,clazz,s);
+				call.top = base + 1;
 			} catch (Exception e) {
 				throw new RuntimeException(e);
 			}
 		}
-		public void luaSetTable(StackState state, int base, LValue table, LValue key, LValue val) {
+		public void luaSetTable(CallFrame call, int base, LValue table, LValue key, LValue val) {
 			Class c = instance.getClass();
 			String s = key.luaAsString();
 			try {
 				Field f = c.getField(s);
 				Object v = CoerceLuaToJava.coerceArg(val, f.getType());
 				f.set(instance,v);
-				state.top = base;
+				call.top = base;
 			} catch (Exception e) {
 				throw new RuntimeException(e);
 			}
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ public final class LuaJava extends LFunction {
 		public String toString() {
 			return clazz.getName()+"."+s+"()";
 		}
-		public void luaStackCall(StackState state, int base, int top, int nresults) {
+		public void luaStackCall(CallFrame call, int base, int top, int nresults) {
 			try {
 				Method[] meths = clazz.getMethods();
 				Method meth = null;
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ public final class LuaJava extends LFunction {
 					String name = m.getName();
 					if ( s.equals(name) ) {
 						Class[] p = m.getParameterTypes();
-						int s = CoerceLuaToJava.scoreParamTypes( state.stack, paramsBase, nargs, p );
+						int s = CoerceLuaToJava.scoreParamTypes( call.stack, paramsBase, nargs, p );
 						if ( s < score ) {
 							meth = m;
 							paramTypes = p;
@@ -169,11 +169,11 @@ public final class LuaJava extends LFunction {
 						}
 					}
 				}
-				Object[] args = CoerceLuaToJava.coerceArgs( state, paramsBase, nargs, paramTypes );
+				Object[] args = CoerceLuaToJava.coerceArgs( call, paramsBase, nargs, paramTypes );
 				Object result = meth.invoke( instance, args );
-				state.stack[base] = CoerceJavaToLua.coerce(result);
-				state.top = base + 1;
-				state.adjustTop(base+nresults);
+				call.stack[base] = CoerceJavaToLua.coerce(result);
+				call.top = base + 1;
+				call.adjustTop(base+nresults);
 			} catch (Exception e) {
 				throw new RuntimeException(e);
 			}
diff --git a/src/main/java/lua/Builtin.java b/src/main/java/lua/Builtin.java
index b869e046..56c26f4c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/lua/Builtin.java
+++ b/src/main/java/lua/Builtin.java
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ final class Builtin extends LFunction {
 
 	static void addBuiltins(LTable table) {
 		for ( int i=0; i<NAMES.length; i++ )
-			table.m_hash.put( new LString( NAMES[i] ), new Builtin(i) );
+			table.put( NAMES[i], new Builtin(i) );
 	}
 
 	private static final int PRINT = 0;
@@ -32,35 +32,35 @@ final class Builtin extends LFunction {
 	}
 	
 	// perform a lua call
-	public void luaStackCall(StackState state, int base, int top, int nresults) {
+	public void luaStackCall(CallFrame call, int base, int top, int nresults) {
 		switch ( id ) {
 		case PRINT:
 			for ( int i=base+1; i<top; i++ ) {
-				System.out.print( state.stack[i].luaAsString() );
+				System.out.print( call.stack[i].luaAsString() );
 				System.out.print( "\t" );
 			}
 			System.out.println();
-			state.top = base;
+			call.top = base;
 			break;
 		case PAIRS:
-			LValue value = state.stack[base+1].luaPairs();
-			state.stack[base] = value;
-			state.top = base+1;
+			LValue value = call.stack[base+1].luaPairs();
+			call.stack[base] = value;
+			call.top = base+1;
 			break;
 		case GETMETATABLE:
-			state.stack[base] = state.stack[base+1].luaGetMetatable();
-			state.top = base+1;
+			call.stack[base] = call.stack[base+1].luaGetMetatable();
+			call.top = base+1;
 			break;
 		case SETMETATABLE:
-			state.stack[base+1].luaSetMetatable(state.stack[base+2]);
-			state.stack[base] = state.stack[base+1];
-			state.top = base+1;
+			call.stack[base+1].luaSetMetatable(call.stack[base+2]);
+			call.stack[base] = call.stack[base+1];
+			call.top = base+1;
 			break;
 		default:
 			luaUnsupportedOperation();
 		}
 		if (nresults >= 0)
-			state.adjustTop(base + nresults);
+			call.adjustTop(base + nresults);
 	}
 
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/main/java/lua/CallFrame.java b/src/main/java/lua/CallFrame.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d40f93ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/lua/CallFrame.java
@@ -0,0 +1,431 @@
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+package lua;
+
+import lua.io.Closure;
+import lua.io.Proto;
+import lua.value.LBoolean;
+import lua.value.LInteger;
+import lua.value.LNil;
+import lua.value.LString;
+import lua.value.LTable;
+import lua.value.LValue;
+
+public class CallFrame {
+	private final static boolean DEBUG = false;
+	
+	public final StackState state;
+	public final LValue[] stack;
+	public int base;
+	public int top;
+	private final Closure cl;
+	private final Proto p;
+	private final LValue[] k;
+	private final int nresults;
+	private int pc = 0;
+	boolean done = false;
+
+	CallFrame(StackState state, Closure c, int base, int nargs, int nresults) {
+		this.state = state;
+		this.stack = state.stack;
+		this.cl = c;
+		this.p = c.p;
+		this.k = p.k;
+		this.base = base;
+		this.nresults = nresults;
+		int nparams = p.numparams;
+		int nvalues = (p.is_vararg && nargs > nparams ? nargs : nparams);
+		for (int i = nargs; i < nvalues; i++)
+			this.state.stack[base + i] = LNil.NIL;
+		this.top = base + nvalues;
+		this.state.calls[++this.state.cc] = this;
+		this.state.avail = base + p.maxstacksize;
+	}
+
+	private LValue RKBC(int bc) {
+		return StackState.ISK(bc) ? k[StackState.INDEXK(bc)]
+				: this.state.stack[base + bc];
+	}
+
+	private LValue GETARG_RKB(int i) {
+		return RKBC(StackState.GETARG_B(i));
+	}
+
+	private LValue GETARG_RKC(int i) {
+		return RKBC(StackState.GETARG_C(i));
+	}
+
+	public void adjustTop(int newTop) {
+		while (top < newTop)
+			this.stack[top++] = LNil.NIL;
+		top = newTop;
+	}
+
+	public void exec() {
+		int i, a, b, c, o, n, cb;
+		LValue rkb, rkc, nvarargs, key, val;
+		StringBuffer sb;
+		LValue i0, step, idx, limit, init, table;
+		boolean back, body;
+		Proto proto;
+		Closure newClosure;
+
+		// reload the current calling context
+		int[] code = p.code;
+		state.avail = base + p.maxstacksize;
+		while (true) {
+
+			if (DEBUG)
+				Print.printState(state, base, top, state.avail, cl, pc);
+
+			i = code[pc++];
+
+			// TODO: implement debug hooks
+			// if ((L->hookmask & (LUA_MASKLINE | LUA_MASKCOUNT)) &&
+			// (--L->hookcount == 0 || L->hookmask & LUA_MASKLINE)) {
+			// traceexec(L, pc);
+			// if (L->status == LUA_YIELD) { // did hook yield?
+			// L->savedpc = pc - 1;
+			// return;
+			// }
+			// base = L->base;
+			// }
+
+			a = StackState.GETARG_A(i);
+			switch (StackState.GET_OPCODE(i)) {
+			case StackState.OP_MOVE: {
+				b = StackState.GETARG_B(i);
+				this.stack[base + a] = this.stack[base + b];
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_LOADK: {
+				b = StackState.GETARG_Bx(i);
+				this.stack[base + a] = k[b];
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_LOADBOOL: {
+				b = StackState.GETARG_B(i);
+				c = StackState.GETARG_C(i);
+				this.stack[base + a] = (b != 0 ? LBoolean.TRUE
+						: LBoolean.FALSE);
+				if (c != 0)
+					pc++; /* skip next instruction (if C) */
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_LOADNIL: {
+				b = StackState.GETARG_B(i);
+				do {
+					this.stack[base + b] = LNil.NIL;
+				} while ((--b) >= a);
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_GETUPVAL: {
+				b = StackState.GETARG_B(i);
+				this.stack[base + a] = cl.upVals[b].value;
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_GETGLOBAL: {
+				b = StackState.GETARG_Bx(i);
+				key = k[b];
+				table = cl.env;
+				table.luaGetTable(this, base + a, table, key);
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_GETTABLE: {
+				b = StackState.GETARG_B(i);
+				key = GETARG_RKC(i);
+				table = this.stack[base + b];
+				table.luaGetTable(this, base + a, table, key);
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_SETGLOBAL: {
+				b = StackState.GETARG_Bx(i);
+				key = k[b];
+				val = this.stack[base + a];
+				table = cl.env;
+				table.luaSetTable(this, this.state.avail, table, key, val);
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_SETUPVAL: {
+				b = StackState.GETARG_B(i);
+				cl.upVals[b].value = this.stack[base + a];
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_SETTABLE: {
+				key = GETARG_RKB(i);
+				val = GETARG_RKC(i);
+				table = this.stack[base + a];
+				table.luaSetTable(this, state.avail, table, key, val);
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_NEWTABLE: {
+				b = StackState.GETARG_B(i);
+				c = StackState.GETARG_C(i);
+				this.stack[base + a] = new LTable(b, c);
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_SELF: {
+				rkb = GETARG_RKB(i);
+				rkc = GETARG_RKC(i);
+				this.stack[base + a + 1] = rkb;
+				rkb.luaGetTable(this, base + a, rkb, rkc);
+				// StkId rb = RB(i);
+				// setobjs2s(L, ra+1, rb);
+				// Protect(luaV_gettable(L, rb, RKC(i), ra));
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_ADD:
+			case StackState.OP_SUB:
+			case StackState.OP_MUL:
+			case StackState.OP_DIV:
+			case StackState.OP_MOD:
+			case StackState.OP_POW: {
+				o = StackState.GET_OPCODE(i);
+				rkb = GETARG_RKB(i);
+				rkc = GETARG_RKC(i);
+				this.stack[base + a] = rkc.luaBinOpUnknown(o, rkb);
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_UNM: {
+				rkb = GETARG_RKB(i);
+				this.stack[base + a] = rkb.luaUnaryMinus();
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_NOT: {
+				rkb = GETARG_RKB(i);
+				this.stack[base + a] = (rkb.luaAsBoolean() ? LBoolean.TRUE
+						: LBoolean.FALSE);
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_LEN: {
+				rkb = GETARG_RKB(i);
+				this.stack[base + a] = rkb.luaLength();
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_CONCAT: {
+				b = StackState.GETARG_B(i);
+				c = StackState.GETARG_C(i);
+				sb = new StringBuffer();
+				for (int j = b; j <= c; j++)
+					sb.append(this.stack[base + j].luaAsString());
+				this.stack[base + a] = new LString(sb.toString());
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_JMP: {
+				pc += StackState.GETARG_sBx(i);
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_EQ:
+			case StackState.OP_LT:
+			case StackState.OP_LE: {
+				o = StackState.GET_OPCODE(i);
+				rkb = GETARG_RKB(i);
+				rkc = GETARG_RKC(i);
+				boolean test = rkc.luaBinCmpUnknown(o, rkb);
+				if (test)
+					pc++;
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_TEST: {
+				c = StackState.GETARG_C(i);
+				if (this.stack[base + a].luaAsBoolean() != (c != 0))
+					pc++;
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_TESTSET: {
+				rkb = GETARG_RKB(i);
+				c = StackState.GETARG_C(i);
+				if (rkb.luaAsBoolean() != (c != 0))
+					pc++;
+				else
+					this.stack[base + a] = rkb;
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_CALL: {
+				/* ra is start of result location */
+				b = StackState.GETARG_B(i); // number of stack spaces to reserve
+											// for
+				// closure plus args
+				c = StackState.GETARG_C(i); // num results plus 1
+				if (b != 0) // else use previous instruction set top
+					top = base + a + b;
+
+				// make or set up the call
+				this.stack[base + a].luaStackCall(this, base + a, top, c - 1);
+
+				// force re-entry into current call
+				if (this.state.calls[this.state.cc] != this)
+					return;
+
+				// adjustTop only for case when call was completed
+				if (c > 0)
+					adjustTop(base + a + c - 1);
+
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_TAILCALL: {
+				b = StackState.GETARG_B(i); // number of stack spaces to reserve
+											// for
+				// closure plus args ??
+				c = StackState.GETARG_C(i); // number of return args - must be
+				// LUA_MULTRET
+				if (b != 0) // else use previous instruction set top
+					top = base + a + b;
+
+				// make or set up the call
+				this.stack[base + a].luaStackCall(this, base + a, top, c - 1);
+
+				// adjustTop only for case when call was completed
+				if (this.state.calls[this.state.cc] != this) {
+					// was a vm call, or a Java call that re-entered the stack.
+					// copy down the stack variables and substitute the stack
+					// frame.
+					CallFrame ci = this.state.calls[this.state.cc];
+					n = ci.top - ci.base;
+					System.arraycopy(this.stack, ci.base,
+							this.stack, base, n);
+					ci.base = base;
+					ci.top = base + n;
+					this.state.calls[this.state.cc - 1] = this.state.calls[this.state.cc];
+					--this.state.cc;
+
+					// force a reset of the calling context state
+					return;
+				}
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_RETURN: {
+				b = StackState.GETARG_B(i); // number of return vals
+				if (b != 0) // else use previous top
+					top = base + a + b - 1;
+				n = top - (base + a); // number to copy down
+				System.arraycopy(this.stack, base + a, this.stack,
+						base - 1, n);
+				top = base - 1 + n;
+
+				// adjust results to what caller expected
+				if (nresults >= 0)
+					adjustTop(base + nresults);
+
+				// pop the call stack
+				done = true;
+				if ( --state.cc >= 0 )
+					state.calls[state.cc].top = top;
+
+				// force a reload of the calling context
+				return;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_FORLOOP: {
+				i0 = this.stack[base + a];
+				step = this.stack[base + a + 2];
+				idx = step.luaBinOpUnknown(Lua.OP_ADD, i0);
+				limit = this.stack[base + a + 1];
+				back = step.luaBinCmpInteger(Lua.OP_LT, 0);
+				body = (back ? idx.luaBinCmpUnknown(Lua.OP_LE, limit) : limit
+						.luaBinCmpUnknown(Lua.OP_LE, idx));
+				if (body) {
+					this.stack[base + a] = idx;
+					this.stack[base + a + 3] = idx;
+					pc += StackState.GETARG_sBx(i);
+				}
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_FORPREP: {
+				init = this.stack[base + a];
+				step = this.stack[base + a + 2];
+				this.stack[base + a] = step.luaBinOpUnknown(Lua.OP_SUB,
+						init);
+				b = StackState.GETARG_sBx(i);
+				pc += b;
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_TFORLOOP: {
+				cb = a + 3; /* call base */
+				System.arraycopy(this.stack, base + a, this.stack,
+						base + cb, 3);
+				top = base + cb + 3; /* func. + 2 args (state and index) */
+
+				// call the iterator
+				c = StackState.GETARG_C(i);
+				this.stack[base + a].luaStackCall(this, base + cb, top, c - 1);
+
+				// test for continuation
+				if (this.stack[base + cb] != LNil.NIL) { // continue?
+					this.stack[base + cb - 1] = this.stack[base
+							+ cb]; // save control variable
+				} else {
+					pc++; // skip over jump
+				}
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_SETLIST: {
+				b = StackState.GETARG_B(i);
+				c = StackState.GETARG_C(i);
+				if (b == 0) {
+					b = top - 1;
+				}
+				if (c == 0) {
+					c = code[pc++];
+				}
+				table = this.stack[base + a];
+				for (int index = 1; index <= b; index++) {
+					val = this.stack[base + a + index];
+					table.luaSetTable(this, this.state.avail, table,
+							new LInteger(index), val);
+				}
+				top = base + a - 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_CLOSE: {
+				// for java, no need to do anything!
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_CLOSURE: {
+				b = StackState.GETARG_Bx(i);
+				proto = cl.p.p[b];
+				newClosure = new Closure(this.state, proto);
+				for (int j = 0; j < newClosure.upVals.length; j++, pc++) {
+					i = code[pc];
+					o = StackState.GET_OPCODE(i);
+					b = StackState.GETARG_B(i);
+					if (o == StackState.OP_GETUPVAL) {
+						newClosure.upVals[j] = cl.upVals[b]; // TODO
+					} else if (o == StackState.OP_MOVE) {
+						newClosure.upVals[j].value = this.stack[base + b]; // TODO:
+						// what
+						// to do
+						// here?
+					} else {
+						throw new java.lang.IllegalArgumentException(
+								"bad opcode: " + o);
+					}
+				}
+				this.stack[base + a] = newClosure;
+				continue;
+			}
+			case StackState.OP_VARARG: {
+				// figure out how many args to copy
+				b = StackState.GETARG_B(i) - 1;
+				nvarargs = this.stack[base - 1];
+				n = nvarargs.luaAsInt();
+				if (b == StackState.LUA_MULTRET) {
+					b = n; // use entire varargs supplied
+				}
+
+				// copy args up to call stack area
+				for (int j = 0; j < b; j++)
+					this.stack[base + a + j] = (j < n ? this.stack[base
+							- n + j - 1]
+							: LNil.NIL);
+				top = base + a + b;
+				continue;
+			}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	public void push(LValue value) {
+		stack[top++] = value;
+	}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/main/java/lua/GlobalState.java b/src/main/java/lua/GlobalState.java
index 12ca7553..84723cf0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/lua/GlobalState.java
+++ b/src/main/java/lua/GlobalState.java
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package lua;
 
 import java.util.Hashtable;
 
-import lua.value.LString;
 import lua.value.LTable;
 
 /**
@@ -11,27 +10,10 @@ import lua.value.LTable;
 public class GlobalState {
 
 //	typedef struct global_State {
-//	  stringtable strt;  /* hash table for strings */
 	Hashtable strt; /* hash table for strings */
-//	  lua_Alloc frealloc;  /* function to reallocate memory */
-//	  void *ud;         /* auxiliary data to `frealloc' */
-//	  lu_byte currentwhite;
-//	  lu_byte gcstate;  /* state of garbage collector */
-//	  int sweepstrgc;  /* position of sweep in `strt' */
-//	  GCObject *rootgc;  /* list of all collectable objects */
-//	  GCObject **sweepgc;  /* position of sweep in `rootgc' */
-//	  GCObject *gray;  /* list of gray objects */
-//	  GCObject *grayagain;  /* list of objects to be traversed atomically */
-//	  GCObject *weak;  /* list of weak tables (to be cleared) */
-//	  GCObject *tmudata;  /* last element of list of userdata to be GC */
-//	  Mbuffer buff;  /* temporary buffer for string concatentation */
 	StringBuffer buff; /* temporary buffer for string concatentation */
-//	  lu_mem GCthreshold;
 //	  lu_mem totalbytes;  /* number of bytes currently allocated */
 //	  lu_mem estimate;  /* an estimate of number of bytes actually in use */
-//	  lu_mem gcdept;  /* how much GC is `behind schedule' */
-//	  int gcpause;  /* size of pause between successive GCs */
-//	  int gcstepmul;  /* GC `granularity' */
 //	  lua_CFunction panic;  /* to be called in unprotected errors */
 //	  TValue l_registry;
 //	  struct lua_State *mainthread;
@@ -45,8 +27,8 @@ public class GlobalState {
 	
 	static {
 		_G = new LTable();
+		_G .put( "_G", _G );
 		Builtin.addBuiltins( _G  );
-		_G .m_hash.put(new LString("_G"), _G );
 	}
 	
 	public static LTable getGlobalsTable() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/lua/io/Closure.java b/src/main/java/lua/io/Closure.java
index e2495c28..231fc06c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/lua/io/Closure.java
+++ b/src/main/java/lua/io/Closure.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package lua.io;
 
+import lua.CallFrame;
 import lua.StackState;
 import lua.value.LFunction;
 import lua.value.LValue;
@@ -9,7 +10,7 @@ public class Closure extends LFunction {
 	public Proto p;
 	public UpVal[] upVals;
 	public Closure(StackState state, Proto p) {
-		this.env = state.gt();
+		this.env = state._G;
 		this.p = p;
 		upVals = new UpVal[p.nups];
 		for ( int i=0; i<p.nups; i++ )
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ public class Closure extends LFunction {
 	}
 
 	// perform a lua call
-	public void luaStackCall(StackState state, int base, int top, int nresults) {
-		state.setupCall( this, base, top );
+	public void luaStackCall(CallFrame call, int base, int top, int nresults) {
+		call.state.stackCall( this, base, top, nresults );
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/lua/io/LoadState.java b/src/main/java/lua/io/LoadState.java
index 68a120f1..761e5007 100644
--- a/src/main/java/lua/io/LoadState.java
+++ b/src/main/java/lua/io/LoadState.java
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ import lua.value.LDouble;
 import lua.value.LInteger;
 import lua.value.LNil;
 import lua.value.LNumber;
-import lua.value.LValue;
 import lua.value.LString;
+import lua.value.LValue;
 
 /*
 ** Function Prototypes
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ public class LoadState {
 //	}
 	public Proto loadFunction(LString p) throws IOException {
 		Proto f = new Proto(this.L);
-		this.L.push(f);
+//		this.L.push(f);
 		f.source = loadString();
 		f.linedefined = loadInt();
 		f.lastlinedefined = loadInt();
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ public class LoadState {
 		// see ldebug.c
 //		 IF (!luaG_checkcode(f), "bad code");
 		
-		 this.L.pop();
+//		 this.L.pop();
 		 return f;
 	}
 //
diff --git a/src/main/java/lua/io/UpVal.java b/src/main/java/lua/io/UpVal.java
index a4e54eb2..16a8fa74 100644
--- a/src/main/java/lua/io/UpVal.java
+++ b/src/main/java/lua/io/UpVal.java
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 package lua.io;
 
-import lua.value.LNil;
 import lua.value.LString;
 import lua.value.LValue;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/lua/value/LFunction.java b/src/main/java/lua/value/LFunction.java
index c86e9b90..7f52e819 100644
--- a/src/main/java/lua/value/LFunction.java
+++ b/src/main/java/lua/value/LFunction.java
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package lua.value;
 
-import lua.StackState;
+import lua.CallFrame;
+
 
 public class LFunction extends LValue {
 
@@ -8,21 +9,21 @@ public class LFunction extends LValue {
 		return "function: "+hashCode();
 	}
 
-	public void luaSetTable(StackState state, int base, LValue table, LValue key, LValue val) {
-		state.top = base;
-		state.push( this );
-		state.push( table );
-		state.push( key );
-		state.push( val );
-		this.luaStackCall(state, base, state.top, 1);
+	public void luaSetTable(CallFrame call, int base, LValue table, LValue key, LValue val) {
+		call.top = base;
+		call.push( this );
+		call.push( table );
+		call.push( key );
+		call.push( val );
+		this.luaStackCall(call, base, call.top, 1);
 	}
 
-	public void luaGetTable(StackState state, int base, LValue table, LValue key) {
-		state.top = base;
-		state.push( this );
-		state.push( table );
-		state.push( key );
-		this.luaStackCall(state, base, state.top, 1);
+	public void luaGetTable(CallFrame call, int base, LValue table, LValue key) {
+		call.top = base;
+		call.push( this );
+		call.push( table );
+		call.push( key );
+		this.luaStackCall(call, base, call.top, 1);
 	}
 	
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/lua/value/LTable.java b/src/main/java/lua/value/LTable.java
index ffbeaf65..3e11fdad 100644
--- a/src/main/java/lua/value/LTable.java
+++ b/src/main/java/lua/value/LTable.java
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package lua.value;
 import java.util.Enumeration;
 import java.util.Hashtable;
 
-import lua.StackState;
+import lua.CallFrame;
 
 public class LTable extends LValue {
 
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ public class LTable extends LValue {
 	/** Metatable tag for intercepting table sets */
 	private static final LString TM_NEWINDEX = new LString("__newindex");
 
-	public Hashtable m_hash = new Hashtable();
+	private Hashtable m_hash = new Hashtable();
 	private LTable m_metatable;
 	
 	public LTable() {
@@ -22,12 +22,17 @@ public class LTable extends LValue {
 	public LTable(int narray, int nhash) {
 	}
 
-	public void luaSetTable(StackState state, int base, LValue table, LValue key, LValue val) {
+	/** Utility method for putting a value directly, typically for initializing a table */
+	public void put(String key, LValue value) {
+		m_hash.put( new LString(key), value );
+	}
+
+	public void luaSetTable(CallFrame call, int base, LValue table, LValue key, LValue val) {
 		if ( m_metatable != null ) {
 			if ( ! m_hash.containsKey(key) ) {
 				LValue event = (LValue) m_metatable.m_hash.get( TM_NEWINDEX );
 				if ( event != null && event != LNil.NIL ) {
-					event.luaSetTable( state, base, table, key, val );
+					event.luaSetTable( call, base, table, key, val );
 					return;
 				}
 			}
@@ -35,19 +40,19 @@ public class LTable extends LValue {
 		m_hash.put( key, val );
 	}
 
-	public void luaGetTable(StackState state, int base, LValue table, LValue key) {
+	public void luaGetTable(CallFrame call, int base, LValue table, LValue key) {
 		LValue val = (LValue) m_hash.get(key);
 		if ( val == null || val == LNil.NIL ) {
 			if ( m_metatable != null ) {
 				LValue event = (LValue) m_metatable.m_hash.get( TM_INDEX );
 				if ( event != null && event != LNil.NIL ) {
-					event.luaGetTable( state, base, table, key );
+					event.luaGetTable( call, base, table, key );
 					return;
 				}
 			}
 			val = LNil.NIL;
 		}
-		state.stack[base] = val;
+		call.stack[base] = val;
 	}
 	
 	public String toString() {
@@ -90,19 +95,19 @@ public class LTable extends LValue {
 		}
 
 		// perform a lua call
-		public void luaStackCall(StackState state, int base, int top, int nresults) {
+		public void luaStackCall(CallFrame call, int base, int top, int nresults) {
 			if ( e.hasMoreElements() ) {
 				LValue key = (LValue) e.nextElement();
 				LValue val = (LValue) t.m_hash.get(key);
-				state.stack[base] = key;
-				state.stack[base+1] = val;
-				state.top = base+2;
+				call.stack[base] = key;
+				call.stack[base+1] = val;
+				call.top = base+2;
 			} else {
-				state.stack[base] = LNil.NIL;
-				state.top = base+1;
+				call.stack[base] = LNil.NIL;
+				call.top = base+1;
 			}
 			if ( nresults >= 0 )
-				state.adjustTop(base + nresults);
+				call.adjustTop(base + nresults);
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/lua/value/LValue.java b/src/main/java/lua/value/LValue.java
index 85348c84..3f64b176 100644
--- a/src/main/java/lua/value/LValue.java
+++ b/src/main/java/lua/value/LValue.java
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package lua.value;
 
+import lua.CallFrame;
 import lua.Lua;
-import lua.StackState;
 
 abstract
 public class LValue {
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ public class LValue {
 	}
 
 	// perform a lua call, return number of results actually produced
-	public void luaStackCall(StackState state, int base, int top, int nresults) {
+	public void luaStackCall(CallFrame call, int base, int top, int nresults) {
 		luaUnsupportedOperation();
 	}
 
@@ -72,20 +72,20 @@ public class LValue {
 	}
 	
 	/** set a value in a table
-	 * @param state the stack state
+	 * @param call the stack state
 	 * @param base the base of the stack, in case a function is put on the stack
 	 * @param table the table to operate on
 	 * @param the key to set
 	 * @param the value to set
 	 */
-	public void luaSetTable(StackState state, int base, LValue table, LValue key, LValue val) {
+	public void luaSetTable(CallFrame call, int base, LValue table, LValue key, LValue val) {
 		luaUnsupportedOperation();
 	}
 
 	/** Get a value from a table 
 	 * @param base TODO
 	 * @param table TODO*/
-	public void luaGetTable(StackState state, int base, LValue table, LValue key) {
+	public void luaGetTable(CallFrame call, int base, LValue table, LValue key) {
 		luaUnsupportedOperation();
 	}
 	
diff --git a/src/test/java/LuaJavaAppRunner.java b/src/test/java/LuaJavaAppRunner.java
index aff73468..0df09d0c 100644
--- a/src/test/java/LuaJavaAppRunner.java
+++ b/src/test/java/LuaJavaAppRunner.java
@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 
-import lua.GlobalState;
 import lua.StackState;
 import lua.addon.luajava.LuaJava;
 import lua.io.Closure;
 import lua.io.LoadState;
 import lua.io.Proto;
 import lua.value.LString;
+import lua.value.LValue;
 
 /**
  * Program to run a compiled lua chunk for test purposes, 
@@ -30,20 +30,18 @@ public class LuaJavaAppRunner {
 		// new lua state 
 		StackState state = new StackState();
 
-		// push args onto stack
+		// convert args to lua
+		LValue[] vargs = new LValue[args.length];
 		for ( int i=1; i<args.length; i++ ) 
-			state.push(new LString(args[i]));
+			vargs[i] = new LString(args[i]);
 		
 		// load the file
 		InputStream is = LuaJavaAppRunner.class.getResourceAsStream( script );
 		Proto p = LoadState.undump(state, is, script);
 		
-		// create closure to execute
+		// create closure and execute
 		Closure c = new Closure( state, p );
-		state.push( c );
-		for ( int i=0; i<args.length; i++ )
-			state.push( new LString(args[i]) );
-		state.docall(args.length, 0);
+		state.doCall(c, vargs, 0);
 		
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/test/java/LuacRunner.java b/src/test/java/LuacRunner.java
index c58c105d..019c548a 100644
--- a/src/test/java/LuacRunner.java
+++ b/src/test/java/LuacRunner.java
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import lua.io.Closure;
 import lua.io.LoadState;
 import lua.io.Proto;
 import lua.value.LString;
+import lua.value.LValue;
 
 /**
  * Program to run a compiled lua chunk for test purposes
@@ -24,25 +25,17 @@ public class LuacRunner {
 		// new lua state 
 		StackState state = new StackState();
 
-		// push args onto stack
+		// convert args to lua
+		LValue[] vargs = new LValue[args.length];
 		for ( int i=1; i<args.length; i++ ) 
-			state.push(new LString(args[i]));
+			vargs[i] = new LString(args[i]);
 		
 		// load the file
 		InputStream is = LuacRunner.class.getResourceAsStream( script );
 		Proto p = LoadState.undump(state, is, script);
 		
-		// create closure to execute
+		// create closure and execute
 		Closure c = new Closure( state, p );
-		state.push( c );
-		for ( int i=0; i<args.length; i++ )
-			state.push( new LString(args[i]) );
-		state.docall(args.length, 0);
-
-		// print result? 
-		System.out.println("stack:");
-		for ( int i=0; i<state.top; i++ ) 
-			System.out.println(" ["+i+"]="+state.stack[i] );
-		
+		state.doCall(c, vargs, 0);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/test/res/compile.sh b/src/test/res/compile.sh
index 3867edee..2b7027ff 100644
--- a/src/test/res/compile.sh
+++ b/src/test/res/compile.sh
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 LUA_HOME=/cygdrive/c/programs/lua5.1
 TESTS="test1 test2 test3 test4 test5 swingapp"
-TESTS="swingapp"
+TESTS="test2"
 for x in $TESTS
 do
     echo compiling $x
diff --git a/src/test/res/test1.lua b/src/test/res/test1.lua
index 90c2e697..238c83fa 100644
--- a/src/test/res/test1.lua
+++ b/src/test/res/test1.lua
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-for cycle = 1,100 do 
+
+for cycle = 1,10 do 
 
 a = 123 + 456
 print( a )
@@ -68,17 +69,18 @@ print( func(11, 12, 13) )
 print( func(23, 22, 21) )
 print( func(func(32,33,34), func(45,46,47), func(58,59,50)) )
 
+--[[
 function p(a,...)
 	print("a",a)
---	print("...",...)
---	print("...,a",...,a)
---	print("a,...",a,...)
+	print("...",...)
+	print("...,a",...,a)
+	print("a,...",a,...)
 end
 p()
 p("q")
 p("q","r")
 p("q","r","s")
-
+--]]
 
 
 end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/test/res/test1.luac b/src/test/res/test1.luac
index 488cec33..9495fd0d 100644
Binary files a/src/test/res/test1.luac and b/src/test/res/test1.luac differ
diff --git a/src/test/res/test2.lua b/src/test/res/test2.lua
index f21339dc..6daf11b0 100644
--- a/src/test/res/test2.lua
+++ b/src/test/res/test2.lua
@@ -26,12 +26,13 @@ end
 print( myfunc(0.1) )
 print( myfunc(0.1) )
 
---[[
-
 i = 1
 table = { "west", "south", "east", "north" }
 function next()
-	i = (i % 4) + 1
+	if ( i >= 4 ) then
+		i = 0
+	end
+	i = i + 1
 	return table[i]
 end
 
@@ -76,5 +77,4 @@ function room4 ()
 end
 
 room1()
---]]
 	
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/test/res/test2.luac b/src/test/res/test2.luac
index 9e6d15f4..0febd6a6 100644
Binary files a/src/test/res/test2.luac and b/src/test/res/test2.luac differ
diff --git a/src/test/res/test7.lua b/src/test/res/test7.lua
index f249083e..c109e778 100644
--- a/src/test/res/test7.lua
+++ b/src/test/res/test7.lua
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ obj = luajava.newInstance("SampleClass")
 print( obj )
 obj.s = "Hello"
 print( obj.s )
-print( obj.getS() )
+print( obj:getS() )
 
-obj.setS( "World" )
+obj:setS( "World" )
 print( obj.s )
diff --git a/src/test/res/test7.luac b/src/test/res/test7.luac
index 0f29cd35..00cff7a3 100644
Binary files a/src/test/res/test7.luac and b/src/test/res/test7.luac differ